Informed Consent and Statement of Understanding regarding Blood Transfusion Therapy
I have been advised that the transfusion of one or more blood products may be medically necessary. I have received information on the alternatives and the risks associated with them, as well as the risks associated with the use of blood therapies.
As one of Jehovah’s Witnesses I am aware of the following:
The following charts summarize the Watchtower Society present blood policy. The policy has changed frequently with more and more blood components, therapies and techniques being added in recent years. Please consult with the local H.L.C. members if there is any question regarding the current policy.
| Table 1 Current policy and practice of Watchtower Society on prohibited and acceptable treatments | |
| Prohibited Blood Components and Procedures | Acceptable Blood Components and Procedures |
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(heart-lung machine, dialysis, plasmapheresis) |
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| Table 2 Complex conditions that make similar components/procedures acceptable or unacceptable | ||
| JWs May Not Accept .... | JWs May Accept .... | |
| Whole blood2 | IF taken as "blood transfusion" # | IF taken as contained in bone marrow transplants3 |
| Plasma proteins2 | IF taken together as "plasma" # | IF taken separately as individual blood component (albumin, globulin, clotting factors, fibrin) |
| White blood cells2 | IF taken as "white blood cells" # | IF taken as "peripheral stem cells"4,5 |
| Autologous blood2 | IF tube connection to the patient's body is interrupted # | IF tube connection to the patient's body is maintained (hemodilution, cell saver) |
| IF it is stored # | IF taken as "peripheral stem cells" (even if it is stored)4 | |
| Stem cells6 | IF taken from umbilical cord blood7 | IF taken from peripheral blood or bone marrow3,4 |
| Major protein from prohibited component | IF taken from red blood cells (hemoglobin)6 # | IF taken from plasma (albumin)2 |
| Heart-lung machine2 | IF patient's blood is used to prime the machine # | IF patient's blood is used to circulate in the machine |
| Epidural blood patch8 | IF blood is removed from vein and injected | IF injecting syringe is connected to vein via tube |
| Blood donation9 | IF donated by JWs for use of JWs and others # | IF donated by non-JWs for use of JWs and others |
| Conditions marked by # are observed by JWs without exception. Other conditions are observed by many JWs but with exceptions. For example, JWs never accept a heart-lung machine primed with blood, but most, if not all, JWs accept the machine as long as it is circulated with own blood. | ||
Medical personnel from this facility have
requested an explanation of which blood therapies I will accept and
which I will not, and
what the basis for that decision is. I am making an informed choice is
this regard. I understand the Watchtower Society's current explanation
of God's law on blood.
I have been given the brochure, "Do
Jehovah’s Witnesses Really Abstain from Blood," which is produced by
A.J.W.R.B. (The Associated Jehovah's Witnesses for Reform on Blood).
I understand that should I decide to accept a blood therapy not presently approved by the Watchtower Society, every effort will be made to protect my confidentiality.
Patient Statement of Understanding and Advance Directive
I acknowledge that my physician has advised me to have, or that I may need to have a blood transfusion. I have had a chance to ask for additional information about blood transfusions, the risks and alternatives. I am satisfied with the information and have no further questions. I am fully aware of the consequences of my decision.
I understand that there are limitations to "no blood" techniques, and that in some situations no viable alternatives exist, and that serious injury, disability or death may result if a transfusion deemed medically necessary is rejected. I hereby waive any claim for damages against the doctors, nurses and institutions involved in providing medical care to me should harm result due to my refusal of blood therapies deemed medically necessary.
Patient should initial one of the following statements:
_____ I reject the use of all blood therapies, including those the Watchtower Society has approved for use by its members.
_____ I will accept only the following blood therapies: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____ I will accept any blood therapy approved by the Watchtower Society, but no others.
_____ I elect to reject any blood therapy not approved by the Watchtower Society. However, in the event that all non-blood alternative therapies are exhausted, I direct that blood therapies deemed medically necessary be used to save my life.
_____ I grant permission for the use of blood therapies deemed medically necessary.
| _____________________________ | ______________________ |
| Patient’s Signature | Date & Time |
| _____________________________ | ______________________ |
| Patients Authorized Representative | Date & Time |
Refusals Involving Minors
The above patient is a minor and we are the minor’s parents (if one parent is deceased or not competent, references to "we" should be interpreted to mean the parent signing the form). We do not give permission for the use of blood transfusion therapies for this minor, other than those approved by the Watchtower Society. We understand the risks involved by not permitting transfusions in situations where blood loss may exist. We understand that blood loss can result in injury, disability or death. We assume all responsibility for this decision and will indemnify and defend all physicians, employees, and agents of (Name Facility) against all claims and actions which may result from this refusal. Our initials below reflect our decision in regards to (Name Facility) policy which requires the appointment of a legal guardian and a petition to a local court for authorization of blood transfusions or blood products.
| _____________________________ | ______________________ |
| Patient’s Father | Date & Time |
| _____________________________ | ______________________ |
| Patient's Mother | Date & Time |
This form is available for use by the entire health care industry. The form is being developed for use by AJWRB. If you choose to use this form, you specifically waive any right to claim damages against AJWRB, its members or directors. We recommend that you submit the form to your legal counsel for review and adaptation prior to use.