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Evaluating Transfusion Risk: Clinical Reality vs. Organizational Narrative

Evaluating Transfusion Risk: Clinical Reality vs. Organizational Narrative

by Lee Elder | | Bioethics, Clinical Resources, Medical Ethics, Medical Professionals, Patient Management, Physicians

A foundational barrier to informed consent among patients affiliated with Jehovah’s Witnesses is the long-standing, organizationally enforced belief that blood transfusions are inherently unsafe—often described as a form of “Russian Roulette.” These fears...
Estimating Mortality: Epidemiological Extrapolations of the Blood Prohibition

Estimating Mortality: Epidemiological Extrapolations of the Blood Prohibition

by Lee Elder | | Bioethics, Clinical Resources, Legal, Medical Ethics, Medical Professionals, Medicine, Physicians

  While the Watchtower has never published either actual statistics or estimates of the impact of their blood policy on Jehovah’s Witnesses (JW), it is well-known in the medical community that the policy has caused or contributed to numerous premature...
The Evolution of the Advance Medical Directive (Blood Card) and Implications for Informed Consent

The Evolution of the Advance Medical Directive (Blood Card) and Implications for Informed Consent

by Lee Elder | | Bioethics, Clinical Resources, History, Legal, Medical Professionals, Medicine, Patient Management

The “No Blood Card” carried by Jehovah’s Witnesses has undergone significant changes over the past several decades. Originally referred to simply as the “blood card,” it evolved into the “Advance Medical Directive.” A major structural shift occurred in 2004 when the...

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Recent Articles

  • Inside the Hospital Liaison Committee: A Former Chairman’s Perspective on Institutional Coercion
  • The Blood of the Covenant: A Canonical Evaluation of the Jehovah’s Witness Blood Transfusion Doctrine
  • The 2026 Autologous Pivot: A Victory for Conscience, a Failure of Accountability
  • Just in Time: How Leaving the Watchtower Saved a Mother of Two
  • Between Blood and Eternity: The Choice No One Would Want to Make

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